UP BOARD BIOLOGY CLASS 12TH SYLLABUS 2023-24

 

UP BOARD BIOLOGY CLASS 12TH SYLLABUS 2023-24

 

UNIT 1 REPRODUCTION 14 Marks

 

(1)    Sexual reproduction in flowering plants, Structure of flower, development of male and female gametophyte, types of pollination, reagents and examples, external reproduction devices, pollen pistil attraction, double fertilization, post fertilization events- endosperm and embryo development, development of seed and fruit formation, special methods- Apomixes (incompatibility), parthenocarpy, polyembryony, importance of seed dispersal and fruit formation.

(2)    Human reproduction Male and female reproductive system Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary, gametogenesis- spermatogenesis and ovulatory menstrual cycle, fertilization, embryonic development (up to blastocyst formation), implantation, pregnancy and placenta formation (general knowledge), parturition and lactation (general introduction).

(3)    Reproductive health Need for Reproductive Health and Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Family Planning Need and Methods, Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP), Amniocentesis, Sterility and Assisted Reproductive Technologies IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (Basic Knowledge for General Awareness)

                                                                                                                                                                                                           

Unit 2 Genetics and Evolution 18 Marks

 

(1)    Inheritance and heterogeneity Mendelian inheritance, deviation from Mendelian ratio, incomplete dominance, consanguinity, qualitative alleles and inheritance of blood groups, pleiotropy, elementary knowledge of polygenic inheritance, chromosome theory of inheritance, chromosomes and genes, sex determination man, bird, bee Linkage and gene exchange, sex-linked inheritance of hemophilia, color blindness, thalassemia in man, chromosomal disorder in man - Down's syndrome, Turner's and Kleinfelter's syndrome. Molecular basis of inheritance.

(2)    Discovery of genetic material and DNA, a genetic material, structure of DNA and RNA, DNA packaging, DNA replication, central dogma, transcription, genetic code, transformation, gene expression and regulation, lac operon, genome and human genome project, DNA finger printing.

(3)    Evolution Origin of life, biological evolution and evidence of biological evolution, paleogenetics, comparative anatomy, embryological and molecular evidence, contribution of Darwin, Modern Synthetic Theory. Mechanism of Evolution Variations (Mutation and Recombination) and Natural Selection, Types of Natural Selection, Gene Flow and Genetic Drift, Hardy Weinberg Theory Adaptive Radiation, Evolution of Man.

 

Unit 3 Biology and Human Welfare 14 Marks

 

(1)    Human health and disease-Pathogens, disease-causing parasites in humans (malaria, dengue, chikungunya, filariasis, ascariasis, typhoid, common cold, pneumonia, amebiasis, ringworm) and their prevention. Basic concepts of immunology, Vaccines, Cancer, HIV and AIDS, Puberty – Drug and alcohol abuse.

(2)    Microorganisms in human welfare-In household food products, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy production, as a biocontrol agent, and as a bio fertilizer.

 

Unit - 4 Biotechnology and its Applications 10 Marks

(1)    Biotechnology - Principles and Processes- genetic engineering (recombinant DNA technology)

(2)    Biotechnology and its applications- Health and agriculture use of biotechnology, human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy, genetically modified organisms (BT) crops, transgenic organisms, biosafety - problems, bio piracy and patents.

 

Unit - 5 Ecology and Environment 14 Marks

(1)    Organisms and populations, Population, population interactions-cooperativeness, competition, parasitism, parasitism, population growth, birth and death rates, age distribution.

(2)    Ecosystem - Structure (Form) Components, Productivity and Decomposition Energy Flow Ecological Pyramid - Pyramid of Organism Number, Weight and Energy

(3)    Biodiversity and Conservation Concept of Biodiversity, Patterns of Biodiversity, Importance of Biodiversity, Damage and Conservation of Biodiversity, Hot Spots, Threatened Organisms. Extinction, Red Data Book, Biosphere Reserves, National Parks, Centuries.

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this is google translated syllabus so please confirm all topics and verify it from official site.